Egypt worksheet

• cataract: churning rapids in rivers
• delta: a marshy region formed by deposits of silt
• nome: one of the 36 teritoral divisons
• dynasty: a series of rulers from a single family
• Pharaoh: a king of ancient Egypt, considered a god as well as a political and military leader
• ka: eternal life force after the king's death
• pyramid: a massive structure with a rectangluar base and four triangle sides, burial place for pharaohs and kings
• maat: represents goodness, law order, and justice
• hieroglyphics: an ancient Egyptian writing system which pictures represent ideas and sounds
• papyrus: a tall reed that grows in the Nile delta used for paperlike material for writing on

• Howard Carter was a British archaeologist who discovered Tutankhamon's tomb in 1922
• the Nile river provided Egypt with a reliable system of transportation and with annual deposits of fertile soil
• in about 3100 B.B., a strong-willed king of upper Egypt named Narmer united all of Egypt
• asian nomads known as the Hyksos ruled much of Egypt from 1649 to 1570 B.C.
• Jean Francois Champollion was the linguist who deciphered the hieroglyphics on the Rosetta stone

• The Nile influenced Egyptian life because it provided transportation, silt, irrigation, bathing, drinking
• pyramids were built to serve as a tomb for the kings and pharaohs

Egypt book questions

1. terms and definitions
1. Delta: a marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river
2. Narmer: king of lower Egypt wore a red crown, upper wore a tall white crown, Narmer wore both
3. Pharaoh: a king of ancient Egypt considered a god as well as a political and military leader
4. theocracy: a government in which the ruler is viewed as a divine figure
5. pyramid: a massive structure with a rectangle base and four triangular sides; Egyptians built them as a burial place for pharaohs
6. mummification: a process of embalming and drying corpses to prevent them from decaying
7. hieroglyphic: an ancient Egyptian writing system in which pictures were used to represent ideas and sounds
8. papyrus: a tall reed that grows in the Nile delta used by the ancient Egyptians to make a paperlike material for writing on
2. how did being surrounded by deserts benefit Egypt? They can see enemies coming from far away since there was nothing in the distance
3. how did the Egyptians view the pharaoh? A god
4. why did Egyptians mummify bodies? they preserved them because they wanted to keep them as artifacts

Review of Mesopotamia

1. cuneiform: earliest form of writing
2. city-state: a form of government that writes laws for a certain area
3. ziggurat: a temple on top of a mountain, government, religion
4. the religion of Sumerian was polytheism
5. dynasty: whoever is in charged passes down their rule to family
6. empire: one leader controlling multiple nations
7. cultural diffusion: a new idea or product spreads from one culture to another
8. fertile cresent: land in between the tirgus and euphrates
9. paleolithic: old stone age
10. neolithic: new stone age, tools
11. irragation: ditches that water crops
12. silt: fertile soil after the river floods
13. iran, iraq, saria, jprdan, isreal
14. 282 Hammurabi's codes

textbook notes Egypt

• using mathematical knowledge and engineering skills, Egyptians built magnificent monuments to honor dead rulers
• many of the monuments built by the Egyptians stand as a testament to their ancient civilization
• when the nile's floodwaters were just a few feet lower than normal the amount of fresh silt and water for crops was greatly reduced, thousands of people starved
• when floodwater was a few feet higher than usual the unwanted water destroyed houses, granaries, and the precious seeds that farmers needed for planting
• vast and forbidding deserts on either side of the Nile acted a natural barrier between Egypt and other lands, they forced Egyptians to live on a very small portion of the land and reduced interaction with other people
• delta:  marshy region formed by deposits of silt at the mouth of a river
• pharaoh: a king of ancient Egypt considered a god as well as a political and military leader

western civ

today we did a worksheet about Hammurabi's code. We were given scenarios and had to decide what their punishment would be if we were the judge and then we saw what Hammurabi's punishments were and they were way out of proportions. Some things were put to death, if a boy hit his father his hands would be cut off, it's pretty insane. What's sad is a friend would be fine if you wrecked his boat and had to get your ear cut off. What kind of friend is that? I was crazy. But I thought it was crazy that people lived by these rules back then, personally, I shouldn't have it. From what it seems people didn't have freedom of speech, which makes it really different then today.

from prehistory to civilization part 2

• sumer, between the tigus and Euphrates river
• present-day fertile crescent is Iraq, Jordan, Israel, Syria
• population increase due to irrigation
• cities and towns were founded some with 40,000 people
• better food storage
• priests, tradesman, artisan, politicians, farmers
• king's emerged, along with dynasties and city-states
• sumerians invented the earliest form of writing know as cuneiform
• sumerian gods and goddesses emerged with powers that representing the natural elements of the world
• world's first (surviving) epic was the Sumerian "Epic of Gilgamesh" which told of the great flood
• sumerians organized the calendar, divided hour into 60 minutes, into 60 seconds etc.
• Ziggurat was a Sumerian temple built on top of a "mountain" of earth

from prehistory to civilization

From prehistory to civilization

-      200,000 years ago, a human species emerged in southern Africa

-      14,000 years ago, a worldwide human race existed

-      Earliest age is Paleolithic age (old stone age)

-      Neolithic age (new stone age) was marked by advanced tool making and the beginning of agriculture

-      Initially, humans were parts of migratory groups which hunted, fished, and gathered plants for food

-      Agricultural revolution = Neolithic age

Today we went over our test, I got 101%. I’m really happy with myself, the extra credit helped me a lot. My grade is now at a 100.83%. not a big improvement but, hey, I’ll take it. We had shortened periods today because of the snow, we had a 2 hour delay. Plus Mr. Schick’s class was last period so it was our shortest class.

text book notes pg. 26-34 part 2

• the earliest civilization in Aisa arose in Mesopotamia and organized into city-states
• the development of this civilization reflects a settlement pattern that has occurred repeatedly throughout history
• around 3300 B.C. Mesopotamia had unpredictable flooding combined with a period of little or no land, the land sometimes became almost a desert; with no natural barriers for protection, a Sumerian village was nearly defenseless; the natural resources of sumer were limited, building materials and other necessary items were scarce
• over a long period of time, the people of sumer created solutions to deal with these problems, they dug irrigation ditches that carried river water to their fields and allowed them to produce a surplus of crops; they built city walls with mud bricks/ they traded their grain, cloth, and craft tools with the people of the mountains and the desert, in exchange, they received raw materials such as stone, wood, and metal
• sumerians invented arithmetic geometry, architectural innovations, and cuneiform

text book notes pg. 26-34

• regions curved shape and the richness of its land led scholars to call it the fertile crescent
• land facing the mediterranean sea and a plain that became know as Mesopotamia
• mesopotamia in Greek means "land between the rivers"
• each city and the surrounding land it controlled formed a city-state
• a series of rulers from a single family is called a dynasty
• the process in which a new idea or a product spreads from one culture to another is called cultural diffusion
• the belief in more then one god is called polytheism
• an empire bring together several peoples, nations, or previously independent stats under the control of one ruler
• the Babylonian empire reached its peak during the reign of emperor Hammurabi, from 1792 B.C. to 1750 B.C.
• the earliest civilization formed on fertile river plains, these lands faced challenges such as seasonal flooding and a limited growing area
• projects such as irrigation systems required leadership and laws, they were controlled by priests, military, leaders, and/or kings
• early civilization developed bronze tools, the wheel, the sail, the plow, writing, and math, these spread through trade, wars, and the movement of peoples
• early river valley civilization, 3500 B.C. - 450 B.C.
• 3000 B.C. city-states form in sumer Mesopotamia
• 2660 B.C. Egypt's old kingdom develops
• 1792 B.C. Hammurabi develops a code of laws for Babylonian empire, code hold people responsible for their actions
• 1750 B.C. Indus valley civilization declines
• 1027 B.C. Zhou dynasty forms in China
• someone who steals from the temple must repay 30 times the cost of the stolen item

guns germs and steel quiz

today we did our quiz on the guns germs and steel video. Pretty easy if you ask me. I did the extra credit so hopefully, that will bring my grade up. We have the rest of the class off, which is great because the quiz was like two pages, so we get a nice long relaxing time. We start chapter two tomorrow. We'll be talking about the early river valley civilization. Don't really know what to expect from that but well see how it goes. But the class was super boring, I hope we'll get out quiz back tomorrow, I'm very anxious to see what I got. I looked back on my notes afterward and I got most questions right. I'm very happy with myself because I got all the animals right. That's the only part I was worried about and I did a good job on it, so that's a good start to this class for me.